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WHAT IS THE OBESITY?
The obesity is an excess of fat.
This excess is moderate actually in I finish of IMC (index of corporal mass), that is to say, based on the weight and the stature.
IMC = Peso (kg)/talla2 (meters)
Calculate his IMC here:
The ideal is to have a IMC of between 20 and 25.
An overweight has a IMC of between 25 to 30.
The patient with obesity has IMC a superior one to 30.
To day of today, 13.6% of the Spanish population are obese and but of 30% it suffers overweight.
Also it is necessary to emphasize the importance of the PERIMETER OF the WAIST like factor prognosis: high cardiovascular risk for perimeters superior to 102 cm in the man and 88 cm in the woman. This measurement is even but excellent that the IMC.
Some of the consequences of the obesity are: Vesicular hypertension, Arterioesclerosis, Excess of Cholesterol, Diabetes, Drop, Calculations, Hernia de Hiato, Artrosis of hip and roll, Respiratory Insufficiency Cardiac, Problems, Varices, Problems of Skin, Increase of possibilities of suffering numerous you become cancerous (colon, sucks, vesicle, prostate, uterus), Depressions, and diminution of the life expectancy in but of 7 years, etc
The obesity is a social phenomenon appeared little by little as of years 60, but that receives dimensions epidemiologists from the 80, as we can appreciate in the scheme of Prentice and Jebb.
The first ascent of the obesity incidence is observed as a result of the appearance of new nourishing forms, today known very well like precooked foods, with high content in fat and carbohydrates, cheaper and easy to prepare, with excellent flavor, specially for the children.
However, the second ascent that is appraised in the curve, agrees on the contrary with the addition of a new phenomenon, considered the true disease of century XXI: the sedentarismo.
Adapted of PRENTICE and JEBB
As it can be observed, this second phenomenon affects much more of dramatic way the gnesis of the obesity pandemic that we suffered.
In effect, data exist epidemiologists published by these authors in 1995, who demonstrate that the inactivity is at least as important as the diet in the development and maintenance of the obesity.
Although today one tends to consider to the obesity like a chronic disease, at heart it would not be but that mechanism of a normal and physiological adaptation to obesgeno surroundings.
The human being is prepared genetically to respond to surroundings where the access to the food is difficult and dangerous, requiring fast aprestamiento at the time of risk, endurance during periods prolonged, and possible temporary nourishing deficiencies, often seasonal.
We have then excellent mechanisms of regulation of the appetite, but very little concerning the satiety. It is what one has occurred in calling the asymmetry of the appetite-satiety control.
In some tribes, patterns of losses and ponderales gains of seasonal character of until 50% of greasy mass still stay.
Compared with the years that were needed to assemble our genetic architecture to survive, environment has particularly in the last modified drastically in the course of last the 10000 years, 200 years, having exposed our saving genes to toxic environment that acts like powerful promoter, not only of the obesity, but also of numerous diseases chronic, responsible for more of 60% of the deaths of the developed society.
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